Isilima zero: yintoni indawo entsha yemarble Arch malunga nayo?

Iphupha lokurhuqa abathengi babuyela kwisitalato i-Oxford, induli eyi- £ 2m yokufakelwa sele isisokola kubushushu. Ngaba iya kubonelela ngezihlandlo ze-Instagram- okanye ingxoxo malunga nokushushubeza kwehlabathi?

Yakha induli kwaye baya kuza. Oku, ubuncinci, yile nto ibhunga laseWestminster libheja kuyo, ikhuphe i-2 yezigidi zeepawundi kwinduli yethutyana. Ukuphakama phezulu ngasentshona kwesitalato i-Oxford njengeqokobhe eliluhlaza eliluhlaza, elijongeka njengendawo evela kumdlalo wevidiyo ophantsi, imitha ezingama-25 eziphakamileyo iMarble Arch Mound sesinye sezicwangciso ezingalindelekanga zokukhuthaza izitalato zethu eziphakamileyo ezibethwe ngumoya. .

"Kuya kufuneka unike abantu isizathu sokuza kwindawo," utshilo uMelvyn Caplan, usekela-nkokheli webhunga. “Abazeli kwisitalato iOxford kuphela ezivenkileni. Abantu banomdla kumava nakwiindawo apho baya khona. ” Ubhubhane lubone malunga neepesenti ezili-17 zevenkile kwisitrato esithengwa kakhulu eLondon sivalwe ngokupheleleyo.

Kuyathenjwa ukuba indunduma iluhlobo lwamava amatsha aya kuthi abuyise abantu kwi-West End, ibonelele ngamathuba okwabelana kakhulu nge-Instagram, ngaphaya kweeselfie ezinemikhono yeebhegi zeSelfridges. Ukusukela ngoMvulo, bebhukishe kwangaphambili kwaye bahlawule i- $ 4.50- £ 8 yemali yetikiti, iindwendwe ziya kuba nakho ukunyuka isinyuko esinyuka ngendlela eya encotsheni yenduli (okanye uthathe ilifti), bonwabele iimbono eziphakamileyo zeHyde Ipaki, thumela ezinye iifoto, emva koko wehle isinyuko esinjengomlilo kwindawo yokubonisa kunye necafe. Ngumzekelo ogqithileyo wohlobo lophawu lokuhlekisa "lwamava" lokunxiba okusetown okwenziwe kuthandwa yimithombo yeendaba zentlalo. Kodwa bekufanele ukuba kubengcono ngakumbi.

U-Winy Maas, iqabane elasungula iMVRDV, inkampani yezokwakha yaseDatshi esemva kwale pop-up hillock uthi: "Ekuqaleni sasifuna induli ikhusele ngokupheleleyo iarch. "Leyo yayiyingxoxo enomdla, mandiyibeke ngaloo ndlela." Iingcali zolondolozo ziye zacebisa ukuba ukugubungela ubume bamatye phantse iminyaka engama-200 kubumnyama obupheleleyo iinyanga ezintandathu kunokuba semngciphekweni wokudibanisa amalungu, kukhokelele ekuweni okunokubakho. Isisombululo yayikukusika ikona yenduli endaweni yoko, ukushiya indawo ye-arch kunye nokwenza ukuba isiduli sikhangeleke njengemodeli yekhompyuter ebanjwe phakathi ekunikezeleni, ityhila isakhiwo sefreyimu yocingo phantsi.

 

Ukuba ifom ye-polygonal yesisombululo esisezantsi isinika i-retro vibe, kukho isizathu. Kwi-Maas, le projekthi imele ukuzala kwengcamango eyaqokelelwa phantse kwiminyaka engama-20 eyadlulayo, xa inkampani yakhe yacebisa ukuba kungcwatywa igalari yeNyoka yaseLondon phantsi kwenduli eyenziweyo kwibala layo lasehlotyeni ngo-2004. Yayilungiselelwe ukuxhaswa ngesakhelo sesinyithi, kunokuba Ukuqhekeka, ke uhlahlo-lwabiwo mali lwaphuma ngaphandle kolawulo kwaye iskim sachithwa, sahlala kwimbali yegalari njengepantom pavilion ebalekileyo.

Ukubona iMarble Arch Mound kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuba ivulele uluntu, kunzima ukuba ungazibuzi ukuba bekungangcono ukuba ihlale injalo. Imifanekiso eqingqiweyo yekhompyuter yabayili bezinto ezibonakalayo inomdla wokupeyinta umfanekiso othembekileyo, kwaye oku akunjalo. Ngelixa izicwangciso ze-CGI zibonisa umhlaba ochumileyo wohlaza, ophawulwe ngemithi evuthiweyo, inyani kukubhitya okuncinanana okuncamathele ngokungathandekiyo kwiindonga zesakhiwo, ezifakwe yimithi ethe chu. Umbane oshushu kutshanje awuncedanga, kodwa akukho luhlaza lukhangeleka lonwabile.

“Akonelanga,” uyavuma uMaas. Sonke siyazi ngokupheleleyo ukuba ifuna izinto ezingakumbi. Ukubala kokuqala kwakungokwezitepsi, kwaye ke kukho zonke izinto ezongezelelweyo. Kodwa ndicinga ukuba isavula amehlo abantu kwaye inyusa ingxoxo ebukhali. Kulungile ukuba ibe sesichengeni. ” Imithi iya kubuyiselwa kwiziko lokugcina abantwana xa induli idiliziwe, kunye nezinye izinto eziluhlaza “ziphinde zalungiswa”, kodwa kuhlala kubonakala ukuba bakwimeko enjani emva kweenyanga ezintandathu behleli kwiscaffolding. Umbuzo oxhonywe ngaphezulu kwehlathi lexeshana kwiNdlu yaseSomerset ekufuphi, okanye ingqokelela yeengcambu ze-oki ezili-100 ngaphandle kweTate Modern -zonke ezenza ukuba ucinge ukuba imithi mhlawumbi ingcono xa ishiyekile emhlabeni.

I-MVRDV yaya kwibhunga emva kokuba elinye lamagosa alo libone iprojekthi yabo yezitepsi zethutyana eRotterdam e2016, owawungumzuzu oqaqambileyo woburharha basezidolophini. Ukuphuma kwabo kwisikhululo, iindwendwe zamkelwa ngezinyuko ezinkulu, i-180 inyathelo elikhokelela kuphahla oluphezulu lweemitha ezingama-30 zesakhiwo seofisi yasemva kwemfazwe, ukusuka apho umbono ongena esixekweni ungangeniswa khona. Imvakalelo enkulu yokunyuka kwetempile kaMayan, kwaye yaxhokonxa ingxoxo edolophini ngokubanzi malunga nendlela iRotterdam's 18 sq km yeephahla ezithe tyaba ezinokuthi zisetyenziswe ngayo, ivelise amanyathelo amaninzi kwaye yongeza amandla kumnyhadala wophahla wonyaka.

Ngaba induli inokuba nefuthe elifanayo eLondon? Ngaba siya kuzibona izithintelo zendlela ezisandul 'ukugcwala esixekweni zanda kwiintaba ezincinanana? Mhlawumbi akunjalo. Kodwa ngaphaya kokunikezela ukuphambukiswa okwexeshana ekuthengeni, iprojekthi ijolise ekuphakamiseni ingxoxo enkulu malunga nokuba leliphi ikamva lale kona ingathandekiyo.

"Asicwangcisi induli esisigxina," utshilo uCaplan, "kodwa sijonga iindlela zokuphucula i-gyratory kunye nokuzisa uhlaza kwi-Oxford Street." Le projekthi iyinxalenye yenkqubo ye- £ 150m yokuphuculwa kommandla woluntu, esele ibone ukwandiswa kwepavumente kunye neepaki “zethutyana” zaziswa ecaleni kwesitalato ngeenzame zokuvuselela umjelo weebhasi, iiteksi kunye nooritsho. Ukhuphiswano loyilo lokuhamba ngenyawo kweOxford Circus luphehlelela ngasekupheleni kwalo nyaka, kananjalo.

Kodwa iMarble Arch sisindululo esinobunzima. Kudala ishiywe kukuhlangana okungqingqwa kweendlela ezininzi ezixakekileyo, ixhoba lezicwangciso zeenjineli zendlela yasemva kwemfazwe. I-arch ngokwayo yayiyilwe ngu-John Nash ngo-1827 njengendawo yokungena kwiNdlu yaseBuckingham, kodwa yahanjiswa kule ngqungquthela ye-Hyde Park ngo-1850 ukuze yenze isango elikhulu leMiboniso eNkulu. Yahlala njengendawo yokungena epakini ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-50, kodwa indlela entsha ngo-1908 yashiya iphelisiwe, yandiswa kukuqhubeka kwendlela ngo-1960.

Izicwangciso zenziwe ngo-2000 ukudibanisa i-arch kwakhona epakini, ngesikimu esenziwe nguJohn McAslan njengenxalenye yenkqubo kasodolophu uKen Livingstone's 100 Spaces programme. Njengamapaki amaninzi athenjisiweyo kaKen kunye neepiyasas, yayiyimibono eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngakumbi kunesindululo esinzima, kwaye i-40 yezigidi zeepawundi yokuxhasa iprojekthi ayizange yenzeke. Endaweni yoko, kwiminyaka eli-17 kamva, sinomtsalane okwexeshana omile okweenduli, ovaleleke kumjikelo ojikelezayo, ongancedi nto ukutshintsha amava okuwela imithambo exineneyo yezithuthi.

I-Maas, nangona kunjalo, ikholelwa ekubeni induli ingakhuthaza ukucinga okukhulu. "Khawufane ucinge ukuba ungaphakamisa iHyde Park kwikona nganye," uyandonwabisa, ngokumangaliswa kwakhe kobukhwenkwe. "IKona yeSithethi inokuguqulwa ibe luhlobo lwenqwelomoya, ngombono ogqibeleleyo kwilizwe elingenasiphelo."

Kule minyaka idlulileyo, umdla wakhe ubethe abathengi abaninzi ukuba bathenge uhlobo oluthile lwe-MVRDV ye-alchemy yomhlaba. Unyana wegadi yegadi kunye neentyatyambo, ngoqeqesho lokuqala njengomyili wezakhiwo, Maas ebesoloko esiya kwizakhiwo njengeendawo zokuma komhlaba kuqala. Iprojekthi yokuqala ye-MVRDV ngo-1997 yayilikomkhulu losasazo loluntu lwase-Dutch i-VPRO, elalibonakala liphakamisa umhlaba lize lisonge ngapha nangapha lize lenze isakhiwo seofisi, esenziwe ngophahla olungqingqwa lwengca. Kutshanje, bakhile indawo yokugcina izinto zemyuziyam eRotterdam emile okwebhotile yesaladi ethwele ihlathi elintantayo, kwaye ngoku bagqibezela iNtlambo eAmsterdam, uphuhliso olukhulu oluxubeneyo olusetyenziswa kwizityalo.

Bazibandakanya nentaphane yamashishini aluhlaza aneminwe eluhlaza, ukusuka kwizakhiwo zehlathi “ezimile nkqo” zaseStefano Boeri eMilan nase China, ukuya kwiprojekthi kaThomas Heatherwick yemithi eli-1 000 eShanghai, ethi ibone imithi evalelwe ngeembiza zesamente kwizitena ngelizama ukufihla Ivenkile enkulu phantsi. Ngaba ayisiyiyo yonke into yokuhlanjwa okuluhlaza, nangona kunjalo, kusetyenziswa ukucoceka okuphezulu kwe-eco ukuphazamisa ukusuka kwiitoni zekhonkrithi elambileyo yekhabhoni kunye nentsimbi engezantsi?

Uphando lwethu lokuqala lubonisa ukuba izakhiwo eziluhlaza zinokuba nefuthe lokupholisa i-1C, utshilo u-Maas, "ke inokuba linyathelo elibalulekileyo ekulweni isiqithi esishushu sasedolophini. Nokuba ababhekisi phambili abayisebenzisayo nje ukuzifihla kancinane izakhiwo zabo, ubuncinci sisiqalo. Ungambulala umntwana engekazalwa, kodwa ndifuna ukumthethelela. ”


Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-30-2021